In the Shadow of Apollo 11 11 Women Engineers

In the Shadow of Apollo 11 11 Women Engineers In the Shadow of Apollo 11 11 Women Engineers In the Shadow of Apollo 11 11 Women EngineersPhotographs of the Apollo 11 launch portray the United States space program of the 1960s as a white mans world. NASA statistics confirm this In 1959, the new space agency employed six women who were classified as scientists. By the Apollo era, women made up only 3 to 5 percent of the professional work force agency-wide. (The percentage of African American professionals welches even smaller, between 1.5 and 3 percent.) In the popular imagination, these women were virtually invisible. NASAs women scientists and engineers gathered in a meeting room in 1959. Photo NASAOver the past decade, however, some of those pioneering women and their invaluable contributions have finally been recognized. Margaret Hamilton, who developed the on-board flight software for Apollos on-board computer, is now widely hailed as the first software engineer. Ka therine Johnson, Mary Jackson, Dorothy Vaughan, and other black female mathematicians who calculated flight trajectories as so-called human computers have been featured in a book and movie.Hundreds other women who were not considered engineers provided critical support. These include workers known as little old ladies who threaded copper wires through magnetic rings, creating core rope memory for Apollo computers seamstresses for an undergarment company who created the safe and flexible spacesuits and NASA secretaries, assistants, and typists.Here is a gallery of some of the unsung women engineersand a brief synopsis of their contribution to the Moon landing. Bobbie Johnson was breaking glass ceilings since girlhood. Photo Society of Women Engineers1. Barbara Bobbie Crawford Johnson In high school Bobbie Johnson started flying airplanes. By 1946, she became the first woman to graduate with an engineering diploma from the University of Illinois and began working at Nor th American Aviation. At NASA, Johnson worked around the clock on the Apollos trajectories and aero-heating environments. On Johnsons recommendation, NASA began using elliptical, rather than circular, orbits during space flights to ensure astronauts could return in case of a propulsion failure. I think the lunar landing was the coup de grace for meits just the fact that we could go to a strange body and come back alive, Johnson said in a Society of Women Engineers (SWE) oral history interview in 2003. It didnt matter what we brought backrocks were fine. You wouldnt dream you could do that, and we did it. Margaret Brennecke was the first female welding engineer at NASAs Marshall Space Flight Center. Photo NASA2. Margaret W. Hap BrenneckeDaughter of a music teacher, Margaret, or Hap, Brennecke was inspired by President John F. Kennedys 1961 speech. She had been working at Alcoa on how to weld large structures for boats, aircraft, and bridges, so she applied for a job a t NASAs Marshall Space Flight Center. She was hiredas the first female welding engineer to work at Marshalls Materials and Processes Laboratory. Brenneckes work at Marshall focused on developing stronger and lighter aluminum alloys to withstand hostile space environment. She also invented new welding processes to join giant pieces of Saturn V fuel tanks. Brennecke faced discrimination throughout her career and used only initials instead of her full name in numerous academic papers in professional journals, for fear of not being accepted for publication. You learn to go around or up or down of the roadblocks, she said in a 2004 NASA interview.3. Arminta Harness Life-long fan of Amelia Earhart and a pilot herself, Arminta Harness graduated from the University of Southern California with a Bachelor of Engineering degree in Aeronautical Engineering in 1955, and became the first woman engineer to join the United States Air Force. A few years later, Lt. Col. Harness was assigned to Gemini Program and witnessed launches of several Gemini and Apollo missions at Cape Canaveral in Florida. Her desk at Los Angeles Air Force Base was next to Buzz Aldrins, who was also an Air Force officer. I remember an Apollo landing where we almost lost the crew before we got them out, and Buzz Aldrin had been my desk mate earlier, Harness said in a 2003 SWE interview. It was a very personal thing. There were high points and there were low points. They were exciting. It was wonderful to be a part of it. Phyllis Gaylard designed space vehicles and rocket engine structures at TRW. Photo Society of Women Engineers4. Phyllis GaylardPhyllis Gaylard graduated from UCLA in 1959 with a B.S. in engineering. She first worked as a structural engineer, and then at TRW designed space vehicles and rocket engine structures and researched ways of predicting fatigue failures in solar arrays. Gaylard contributed to the development of the lunar module descent engine for the Apollo program. The moon lander had to withstand landing on a flat-topped, twenty-four inch high rock without tipping over. So we had to have the nozzle extension that comes down off the bottom of the spacecraft collapse if it happened to hit something like that, Gaylard told a SWE interviewer in 2007. Which is notyou know, you normally dont design things to fail. To withstand all the loads you need to up to a certain point and then crumble. Well, no loose parts, just squish. And we succeeded in that. Ivy Hooks went on to be one of the original space shuttle design team members. Photo NASA/JSC5. Ivy HooksWith a masters in mathematics and physics, Ivy Hooks began working at NASA in 1965 as an aerospace technologist. Her first job was to model the lighting on the Moon to build accurate simulators for training astronauts. She worked on Apollos launch escape system and the parachutes to make sure they behaved as expected in case of an aborted launch. Hooks also contributed to the deflect or that protected the underside of the Lunar Module during landing. When the first spacecraft landed on the Moon, I tried to figure out, what do I feel right now? Hooks said in a 2003 interview with the SWE. Ive worked on some of these pieces and parts of this, I helped put somebody there.Editors Pick Engineers Remember the Making of the Lunar Module Dottie dem wind abgewandte seites work on Apollo heat shield lives on in the Orion spacecraft. Photo NASA/JSC6. Dorothy Dot Lee The design of all U.S. manned space programs draw on the work of Dot Lee. She read astrophysics books as a child and dedicated herself to helping humanity get to the Moon. Fresh from college with a degree in mathematics, Lee was hired as a human computer to work at NASA Langley Research Center. By chance, the legendary designer Maxime Faget, then head of the Pilotless Aircraft Research Division, noticed Lee and moved her to engineering. Later, Lee transferred to Johnson Space Center, where she wa s one of only a handful of women engineers. Lee worked on predicting the performance of the Command Module heat shield, looking at temperatures and pressures the capsule would have to endure on re-entry. Her calculations were essential in the design of that spacecraftand many others. On the day of the Moon landing, she didnt get to celebrate with the other engineers. I was just going to go home, Lee said in 1999 NASA interview. I had to relieve the babysitter.7. Georgianna Yvonne Young Y.Y. Clark In 1951, Y.Y. Clark was the first woman to graduate with a degree in mechanical engineering from Howard University, but as the only woman graduate, she had to receive her diploma in a private ceremony. Working as an aerospace engineer at NASAs Marshall Space Center, Clark investigated Saturn V hot spots, found their cause, and corrected the underlying dicke bretter bohren mssen of heat escaping from ignition. Later, she helped design the Apollo Lunar Sample Return Container, the box in whic h Neil Armstrong brought samples back to Earth. Fighting through both gender and racial discrimination, this ASME Life Member dedicated over 50 years to mentoring and teaching students at Tennessee State University. Now, you might call me a pioneer, but I dont see myself as one, Clark said in a 2001 SWE interview. I am tired of being the first person doing something. Wheres the rest of these people? Mary Winston Jackson became NASAs first black female engineer in 1958. Photo NASA8. Mary Winston JacksonMary Jackson, whose contribution to space exploration as a human computer was chronicled in the 2016 film Hidden Figures, became NASAs first black female engineer in 1958. To earn her engineering degree, Jackson needed to take graduate-level night classes at the University of Virginia, but those classes were taught at a segregated school in Hampton, Va. She had to petition the city for permission to attend those classes. Jacksons work as an aerospace engineer specialized in boundary layer effects on vehicles at supersonic speeds. Analyzing aerodynamic data from wind tunnel experiments and real flight data, Jackson focused on understanding air flow, including thrust and drag forces.9. Naomi McAfeeAfter Naomi McAfee graduated from Western Kentucky University with a physics degree in 1956, she started at Westinghouse, eventually working her way up to become the companys first female supervisor engineer. McAfee worked on environmental measurements experiments, including the measurement of micrometeorite bombardment on objects in space that research informed the design of the Apollo spacecrafts hull. McAfee also worked on the television camera used on Apollo 11. Its hard to describe the anticipation and the anxiety that one felt hearing them land on the Moon, and then knowing that they were going to be coming out, and that when they did step onto the Moon, that that camera would take the pictures and transmit them back to the Earth, McAfee said in a 200 3 SWE interview. And just waiting to see if it would work created quite a bit of stress.Recommended for You 5 Women Pioneers in Engineering10. Doris C. Chandler Armed with a degree in mathematics from Tulane University, Doris Chandler began working in guidance theory applications research and development in 1954. Chandler was one of the first women to assume a leadership role at NASA when she became an active deputy chief of the Astrodynamics and Guidance Theory Division in 1969. She was the key aerospace engineer behind Saturn V flight mechanics and guidance system. A few years later, when participating in a first all-women materials science experiments for Spacelab, Chandler told a newspaper that she hoped to fly in a space mission herself, together with her daughter who was planning to study engineering. There are plenty of qualified women available for scientific type missions, she said in 1974. There is no reason why women couldnt do almost any job a man could do in space in th e future, including pilot, technician, or even construction worker.11. Jeanne Lee Crews With a degree in aeronautical engineering, Jeanne Crews joined the flight crew support division at Johnson Space Center in 1964. Crews helped designed and tested flight simulators for astronauts, and studied Earth landmarks visible from orbit that astronauts could use for navigation if primary systems failed. She longed to be an astronaut, however, and her supervisors allowed her to operate the flight simulator as long as no one saw or photographed her. Crews also wasnt allowed to witness the historic Apollo 11 Moon landing with her male colleagues. Women were not allowed out on the floor in Mission Control, she said in a 2007 NASA interview. I was in the back rooms, and then if Id walk in the elevator, there would be comments, like, Well, its certainly good we keep women out of the Mission Control.Daria Merkusheva is a technology writer based in New York City.You May Also Like Sunita Williams So ars Weightlessly

Free Traditional Sports Coach Resume Template

Free Traditional Sports Coach Resume TemplateFree Traditional Sports Coach Resume TemplateAs you apply for sports coach jobs, you may find that some entities are more traditional than others. In other words, they are used to a certain way of doing things, and resumes that get overly creative can fall flat. Use the traditional format for these groups reviewing templates for traditional resume templates is an excellent springboard to crafting your own, so read over the sample free traditional sports coach resume below. We also have tips to help you develop a top-notch resume.Create ResumeCustomize ResumeWhat to Include in a Traditional Sports Coach ResumeAs you write a traditional sports coach resume, remember to include your contact information at the top. Do this even if you are applying for a job at a school where you already teach. In the body of the resume, have sections that touch on your skills, work experience and education. Because many employers like to hire coaches who have playing experience in a particular sport, use the Highlights section to touch on any experience, classes or credentials you have with a specific sport. Let your playing experience, coaching experience and educational background guide how you present your resume, and stick to traditional language. Also, use bullet points to facilitate easier reading.Common Resume Fails Mistakes to AvoidOffering Too Much Information It is often enough to show that you played at a college and/or high school level. Because space on a resume is precious, you probably do not need to detail your middle school or elementary school playing experience.Forgetting Awards Any award you received during your playing days bolsters your credentials. Were you Student-Athlete of the week, for example? Even receiving this award in high school can make you look good.Being Selective About High School Conventional resume advice says not to include high school in your education section. That remains true for a sports coach resume however, feel free to include notable playing experience from high school elsewhere on your resume. Doing so shows a depth and breadth of experience in a certain sport.Not Tailoring Your Resume to the Job If you are applying for a coaching job at a school where you teach, include information about your teaching position on the resume.Resume Content Moira Kelly 657 Apple Road, Roanoke, VA 11111 555.555.4456 moira.kellyanymail.com Summary Dedicated and reliable physical education teacher at John Doe High School who played NCAA Division I basketball for four years at Tulane. Eight years experience in recreational basketball coaching for boys and girls ages 5-15. High reviews from parents. Seeking womens basketball head coaching positon at JDHS. Highlights 4 years on Tulane womens basketball team, started senior yearVirginia high school womens basketball hintermannschaft player of the year, 1997Seminars on coaching childrenB.S. in Physical EducationExperienced in coaching logis tics and coordination8-year basketball coach for the Roanoke Warriors girls team, ages 5-85-year basketball coach for the Roanoke Bulldogs boys team, ages 9-115-year basketball coach for the Troutville Steam boys team, ages 12-15Excellent communications skillsCompassionate, hard-workingTrained in CPR and first aidExperience Physical Education Teacher 8/1/2008 Present John Doe High School Roanoke, VA Teach five classes per day, with class sizes ranging from 10 to 20 students.Develop and adapt lesson plans.Work with students of varying abilities to make physical education fun.Introduce students to physical exercise opportunities such as ping pong, kayaking, wheelchair basketball and fencing.Promote sportsmanship and a love of physical fitness. Volunteer Basketball Coach 10/1/2008 Present Roanoke Stars Recreational Club Roanoke, VA Promote sportsmanship, fun play and passion among players.Teach young children ages 5-11 the fundamentals of basketball.Oversee and coach games.Communic ate with parents, other coaches and referees.Boosted the Warriors record from 1-11 in 1st year to 8-4 in 2nd year. Education Bachelor of Science, Physical Education, 05/2001Tulane University, New Orleans, LA

24% of Americans think reaching inbox-zero is an impossibility

24% of Americans think reaching inbox-zero is an impossibility24% of Americans think reaching inbox-zero is an impossibilityWhile previous research has found that the average workers inbox has 199 unread schmelzglass, new Adobe data shows that 24% of Americans think reaching inbox-zero is impossible.For a little more context, the company defined it as acting on every email as it comes in to move it out of your inbox immediately (delete, respond, or delegate).Advanis surveyed 1,001 Americans with white-collar jobs and smartphones for Adobes research.How people feel about the coveted inbox-zeroHeres how people feel about this conceptRelieving 39%Its borderline OCD 27%Amazing 27%Impossible 24%While 55% of people surveyed say that they reach inbox-zero, 45% say they dont.How often people look at their email inboxesOverall, 70% of people said that they look at their inbox as often as I should. In that vein, heres how often people look at their work email inbox outside of normal work hours Never 18%Every few hours 49%Every hour 11%Multiple times per hour 13%Constantly 9%Heres how often people look at their personal email inboxes in the officeNever 10%Every few hours 52%Every hour 14%Multiple times per hour 15%Constantly 9%Respondents admitted to spending an average of 3.1 hours looking at their work inboxes each weekday. Forty percent say they spend a maximum of one hour on it, while 12% say they spend greater than six hours during the same period of time.When it comes to personal email, people spend an average of 2.5 hours looking it each weekday. But while 52% say they spend a maximum of one hour doing this, 9% say they spend greater than six hours in the same time frame.Email-checking creeps into these circumstancesOn vacation, 28% say they never look at their work inboxes, 24% rarely do, 28% occasionally do, 16% frequently do, and 3% constantly do.Heres when people said they looked at their work inboxes in the past month. They could choose more than one answerWhil e watching TV/movie 41%While in bed 31%While on the phone 30%While in the bathroom 28%While walking 22%While commuting to/from work 22%During a meal with others 19%While in a face-to-face conversation 12%While working out 12%While driving 10%While at a formal ceremony 8%None, I havent checked during any 25%The most common way that people say that they regularly go through their emails is using a smartphone, at 85%.How people feel looking at their work emailsHeres how respondents weighed inIndifference 41%Accomplished 20%Excitement 17%Anxiety 14%Dread or guilt 8%

Resume Lands TV Marketing VP New Job

Resume Lands TV Marketing VP New JobResume Lands TV Marketing VP New JobA vice pnicht auslagerbar of entertainment and television had the people skills to make any situation a win-win, but needed help to make her resume shine as bright as her tenured career.Allyson Terry-Goldsby spent 16 years as a marketing and management executive in the television industry. The southern California resident had been vice president of marketing at two large television companies.She prided herself on bringing a personal touch to deals building relationships making sure every negotiation and partnership felt like win-win for every party and telling the stories of the networks, television shows and celebrity personalities she represented.But when she decided to look for a new job in 2008, she realized she didnt tell her own story very well. My resume was weak and I knew I needed someone good to help me put it together, she said.The MktgLadder member sought a resume rewrite from Ladders.com.The result w as a success. Within two months, three potential job opportunities arose for Terry-Goldsby one in electronics, one with a former boss and another in cable TV. She decided to take the job as vice president of marketing at a cable TV network.But a year later, Terry-Goldsby had another problem. She saw demand declining for her expertise in television marketing. I knew the business was changing and the area that I was an expert in was starting to really dwindle, she said.In May, Terry-Goldsby decided to find her way out of TV and entertainment marketing. She sought to leverage the marketing acumen from her 16 years in entertainment to market consumer goods and she needed a resume to do it.She contacted the same resume writer who worked with Ladders on her resume a year earlier and together they crafted a resume that focuses on her core marketing skills and accomplishments at her fruchtwein recent position. We tightened up the back end to highlight my successes at current projects, she s aid.The new resume also emphasizes her soft, facilitation skills.Relationship building and partnering are huge for me, in everything I do, she said. Ive learned its all about being a connector, and I have used that philosophy for my entire career.Making the leapWhether she is taking command of multimillion-dollar marketing budgets or climbing up on a platform at eight and a half months pregnant to show Donny Osmond how to move for a promotional spot, Terry-Goldsby is go-ing to give it her all, she says. She just needed some reinforcement.With my resume and cover letter I feel really confident, she said.I knew with a career change, what I needed most from my resume was to get me in the door, she said. From there Terry-Goldsby said she knows how to close the deal. After all it happened once before.She began sending her updated resume out in mid-June and got an interview for a marketing position with a major toy manufacturer on July 1.

Understanding Servers Resume Example

Understanding Servers Resume Example Servers Resume Example the Ultimate Convenience Key skills chance to be work-related skills that you will have to do a job. Servers want to create terrific resumes to win against the competition. Functional resumes are excellent for highlighting transferable skills that will be relevant to your brand-new area of work. Youll get awesomely optimized resumes and youre going to make your day-to-day life simpler Click the resume examples below to receive a jump start on your resume and locate a job faster Your odds of getting the job can become very slim when it happens. Thus it is crucial for any candidate gearing up for his dream job to experience a couple of content that are already offered. The Lost Secret of Servers Resume Example Since there are several varieties of legal professionals based on specialties, you want to discover first what does the employer searches for before you get started composing your curriculum vitae. For ins tance, it can explain the most suitable means to construct your CV. There was a time every time a proper Resume meant a review of the academic achievements. Templates also demonstrate precisely what information you will have to have within your CV, such as what info to devote every individual portion of the CV, and what kind of words to create use of. The Argument About Servers Resume Example Many resumes are in fact a number of fashions. Good if youre seeking employment linked to art or maybe graphic design wherever your creativeness would be considered a plus. When it has to do with finding jobs as a servers, you ought to use the exact techniques which you would employ in other regions of the nation. Even though a basic serving job is fairly simple to find, servers who wish to work in nicer restaurants will need in order to demonstrate their abilities and experience. Key Pieces of Servers Resume Example Work aspirants ought to be on the lookout for a resume schablone inst ead of a courses vitae template. Therefore youll locate a Mobile Applications folder beneath the location. Start by picking out the security or sign template you will want. Servers Resume Example Options Its usually sensible to incorporate a few personal references at the conclusion of your respective resume. You will find three kinds of resumes, each using its specific advantages and pitfalls. At this point you have the knowledge together with the resources its your choice. Understand that being unemployed is only a short-term problem, and that with the appropriate quantity of motivation, you will locate a new, and far better job. Understanding Servers Resume Example Usually, you might opt to create References located on request. Application needs to be clean and effortless. Servers also finish a range of other job duties too. Use this skilled Servers resume sample to make your own powerful job application very quickly. Servers Resume Example - Overview Possessing a pe rfectly-written resume can definitely boost your odds of getting hired, no matter your geographic site. Job looking could be quite tough and continue producing is most likely the tasks that should be achieved when browsing for employment. This example might also be an ideal resource for people which are trying to find a work status in the event planning restaurant or travel market. There are lots of examples of resumes, but you need to remain certain to create your resume and cover letter with your very own personal touch. When developing any type of resume or resume cover letter its critical to tailor your documents for a specific audience. If you do a resume example search, you can likewise find cover letter examples too. Servers Resume Example Adhering to the template is filled up to promote your skills, it should have the ability to create a result. Developing a great resume is the ideal way it is possible to make that first impression. You may expect to find a lot of different no cost curriculum vitae templates to choose from. Youre able to find a lot of different no cost curriculum vitae templates to choose from. Your possibility of locating the job could possibly get very slim precisely because it happens. To begin with, if youre seeing a lot of hard skills which you just dont have, it might be far greater move to the next position. Folks can sense if youre just boasting or showing off. Most people today utilize standard resumes that are well tried and tested over the past few years.

The Pitfall of Personal Qualities and Skills Useful in Writing a Resume

The Pitfall of Personal Qualities and Skills Useful in Writing a Resume What You Dont Know About Personal Qualities and Skills Useful in Writing a Resume Listing your skills provides a chance to showcase your abilities and experiences to prime employers for the remainder of your resume. Interpersonal skills are crucial for your success at any organization. Organizational skills are necessary for everybody in assistant or managerial positions. To begin with, you have to know there are two unique kinds of skills. Identifying desirable crucial skills is essential. Key skills are work-related skills that you will need to do a job. Personal skills arent hard skills that you can quantify and measure, such as computer programming abilities or legal understanding. Organizational skills are in excellent demand. Top Personal Qualities and Skills Useful in Writing a Resume Secrets Wherever you choose to place your skills on your resume, be certain to tailor your list of skills to th e specific job. Even if they only fill one to two lines, you can still format it the saatkorn way. Double-check if youre utilizing the proper abilities and experience keywords. Good verbal communication skills are indispensable in every area of business. Writing your CV can either go easy, or it may be a little bit of a hassle. Accurately and effectively work with numbers You might not be applying for work or pursuing a career in mathematics or statistics. however, it is probable that some simple comprehension of numeracy will be helpful. Your skills should capture the interest of the individual reading your CV. Technical skills are either something youve got or you dont, but theyre always something which you are able to learn. If youve got many abilities, the previous skill paragraph may be called Additional Skills. Technical skills demonstrate hard understanding of a particular discipline, and are frequently highly valued by employers. 3 First, you have to select the be st skills for your resume. At times the Skills and Accomplishments section is a distinct section. Get the Scoop on Personal Qualities and Skills Useful in Writing a Resume Before Youre Too Late In some instances, you even understate your qualities which naturally lowers the chances you have of finding the job. Carefully reread the work description and choose which skills are completely essential for the job. Technical job skills play an essential function in getting hired. Even though there are nearly as many job-related skills since there are jobs, do your best not to think of them as restricting what you could do.